Each year, March 25th marks National Medal of Honor Day in the United States, a time to reflect on extraordinary acts of bravery and selflessness that define the essence of true heroism. It is a day dedicated to the men and women who have earned the Medal of Honor, the nation’s highest and most prestigious military decoration. For Illinoisans, this day carries a special weight, as many of the medal’s recipients have roots in the Prairie State.
The Medal of Honor represents the highest ideals of courage, sacrifice, and service. Established during the Civil War in 1861 by President Abraham Lincoln, the medal recognizes members of the armed forces who go above and beyond the call of duty, often risking or sacrificing their lives for the greater good.
Today, there are three versions of the Medal of Honor: one for the Army, another for the Navy (which is also given to Marines and Coast Guard members), and a third for the Air Force. Each medal is a physical symbol of valor and an enduring reminder of the recipient’s extraordinary actions. Illinois has a rich history of producing Medal of Honor recipients. One notable figure is First Lieutenant Edward “Butch” O’Hare of St. Louis, who grew up in Chicago. During World War II, O’Hare single-handedly defended his aircraft carrier from enemy bombers, earning him the Medal of Honor. Chicago’s O’Hare International Airport, one of the busiest in the world, bears his name in honor of his bravery.
Another Illinois hero is Staff Sergeant Salvatore Giunta, who grew up in Hiawatha and later lived in Illinois. In 2010, Giunta became the first living Medal of Honor recipient since the Vietnam War for his actions during a fierce firefight in Afghanistan. His story embodies the values of courage and selflessness that define the Medal of Honor.
The Significance of National Medal of Honor Day Established by Congress in 1990, National Medal of Honor Day is an opportunity for Americans to unite in gratitude. It is a solemn reminder of the sacrifices made by service members and their families. The day also encourages us to learn about the stories behind the medal and to reflect on the values it represents: courage, integrity, patriotism, and sacrifice.
Observances across the country range from wreath-laying ceremonies to educational programs in schools. The Medal of Honor Foundation plays an essential role in promoting the day, sharing stories of recipients to inspire future generations. For Illinoisans, it is also a chance to recognize local heroes who exemplify these qualities. Every Medal of Honor recipient has a story that captures the essence of heroism. Here are a few that continue to inspire:
- Corporal Alvin C. York (World War I): York’s actions during World War I are legendary. Leading a small group of men, he captured over 100 enemy soldiers in a single day, despite overwhelming odds.
- Specialist Ross McGinnis (Iraq War): McGinnis sacrificed his life to save his fellow soldiers by throwing himself on a grenade. His incredible courage embodies the ultimate sacrifice.
- Sergeant Henry Johnson (World War I): Known as the “Harlem Hellfighter,” Johnson fought off a German raiding party, saving his comrades in the process. Although he was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor, his bravery continues to inspire.
These stories remind us that heroism knows no boundaries of rank, background, or geography.
Dr. Mary Edwards Walker: The Only Woman to Receive the Medal of Honor
Dr. Mary Edwards Walker was a trailblazer in every sense of the word. As the only woman to ever receive the Medal of Honor, her legacy is one of courage, resilience, and unwavering dedication to justice. Born in 1832, she defied societal norms by becoming a physician and later serving as a surgeon during the Civil War, a role traditionally reserved for men at the time. Her service extended beyond the battlefield; she was captured and held as a prisoner of war while crossing enemy lines to treat wounded soldiers. Despite the challenges she faced, including the temporary revocation of her Medal of Honor in 1917, her contributions to medicine and her advocacy for women’s rights remain unparalleled. Her medal was reinstated in 1977, cementing her place in history as a symbol of perseverance and progress.
As we observe National Medal of Honor Day, let us not only honor the heroes of the past but also look to the future. The Medal of Honor serves as a beacon, reminding us of the incredible potential for courage and selflessness within each of us. Illinoisans, with their proud history of service and sacrifice, have a unique opportunity to lead by example.
Take a moment today to reflect, remember, and reach out. National Medal of Honor Day is a call to action. It challenges us to embody the values of courage, sacrifice, and patriotism in our own lives. As we recognize Medal of Honor recipients, may their stories inspire us all to live with greater purpose and gratitude.